Future Impacts, Risks and Mitigation Actions in a changing Earth system

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Reliable guidance on the risks and impacts of future climate change, combined with robust information on mitigation options for limiting future change, are urgently required.

The project

We will deliver a suite of novel future climate projections, and an assessment of the leading mitigation options available to limit future climate change.

Our objectives

Our objective is to advance our understanding and quantification of future Earth System change and mitigation options.

Latest News

October 23, 2025

The State of Wildfires 2024–2025 report published

Climate change is driving more frequent and intense extreme wildfires around the world, posing more risks and impacts to human health and the environment. The State of Wildfires 2024–2025 report was released on 16 October 2025, supported by the TerraFIRMA project….

May 29, 2025

TerraFIRMA General Assembly, Met Office, May 2025

This year’s TerraFIRMA General Assembly was held successfully at the Met Office in Exeter on 14 and 15 May. Approximately 54 participants attended in-person, while another 20 joined online. The programme featured science talks and posters from across the breadth of TerraFIRMA, along with progress updates, breakout groups sessions, and discussions on ideas for potential future funding….

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May 02, 2025

Integrating Land Surface Modelling and Machine Learning for Wildfire Prediction

In an era of AI, why does explainable machine learning still matter for wildfire prediction? ECMWF scientist Joe McNorton explores how transparency in machine learning is vital for understanding and predicting the worlds emerging extreme fire crisis. …

We will assess a range of mitigation options to limit future climate change and their impacts on policy goals, such as, air quality, human health and food security.